Technology
What is it?
An electric current is supplied to isolated nitrogenase enzymes, which reduce nitrogen gas and water to form ammonia, whilst also producing hydrogen.
Why is it important?
Haber-Bosch synthesis is a well-established industrial process that has been optimised for hydrogen production.
Characteristics
- Volumetric hydrogen density: High (10.7kg H2 / m3 at 10 bar and 25°C)
- Gravimetric hydrogen density: High (17.8% by mass)
- Storage conditions: Liquid at ambient temperature, 10-11 bar pressure
- Synthesis energy efficiency: Production of hydrogen via SMR paired with Haber-Bosch synthesis has an overall energy efficiency of approximately 61-66%
Benefits
- Established industrial process
Limitations
- High operating temperature and pressures, highly energy-intensive
- Generates large amounts of carbon dioxide
- Diminishing returns expected from improvements to this synthesis method
RD&D priorities
- Improve catalyst development
- Integrate with renewable sources of hydrogen
Known active organisations
- The Australian National University
- The University of New South Wales
- The University of Western Australia